Part I Structure and Vocabulary
Sections A
Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A),B),C)andD).Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)

Example:
I have been to the Great Wall three times _____ 1979.
A)fromB)afterC)forD)since
The sentence should read,"I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979."Therefore, you should choose D).

1. I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time _____ the last bus .
   A)to have caught
   B)to catch
   C)catching
   D)having caught
   
   
2. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____ so formally.
   A)needn't dress up
   B)did not need have dressed up
   C)did not need dress up
   D)needn't have dressed up
   
   
3. I apologize if I _____ you, but I assure you it was unintentional .
   A)offend
   B)had offended
   C)should have offended
   D)might have offended
   
   
4. Although a teenager, Fred could resist _____ what to do and what not to do .
   A)to be told
   B)having been told
   C)being told
   D)to have been told
   
   
5. Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage _____ avoided .
   A)is to be
   B)can be
   C)will be
   D)has been
   
   
6. Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true _____ it comes to classroom tests .
   A)before
   B)as
   C)since
   D)when
   
   
7. There are over 100 night schools in the city, making it possible for a professional to be re-educated no matter _____ he does .
   A)how
   B)where
   C)what
   D)when
   
   
8. I've kept up a friendship with a girl whom I was at school _____ twenty years ago .
   A)about
   B)since
   C)till
   D)with
   
   
9. He wasn't asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, _____ insufficiently popular with all members .
   A)being considerd
   B)considering
   C)to be considered
   D)having considered
   
   
10. _____ for the timely investment from the general public,our company would not be so thriving as it is .
    A)Had it not been
    B)Were it not
    C)Be it not
    D)Should it not be
    

Section B
Directions:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A),B),C)and D). Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)
Example:
A number of A) foreign visitors were taken B) to the industrial exhibition which C) they saw D) many new products.
Part C) is wrong. The sentence should read, ¡°A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition where they saw many new products.¡± So you should choose C).

11. According to Darwin,randon changes that enhance a species' A) ability for surviving B) are C) naturally selected and passed on to succeeding D) generations.
    
    
12. Neither rain nor snow keeps A) the postman from delivering our letters which B)we so much C) look forward to receive D) .
    
    
13. If they will not accept A) a check, we shall have B)to pay the cash C) , though it would be D) much trouble for both sides .
    
    
14. Having been A) robbed off B)economic importance,those states are not C) likely to count for very much D) in international political terms.
    
    
15. The message will be A) that B)neither the market nor the government is capable of dealing with all of their C) uncontrollable practices D) .
    
    
16. The logic of scientific development is such A) that separates B)groups of men working on C) the same problem in far-scattered D) laboratories are likely to arrive at the same answer at the same time.
    
    
17. Yet not all of these races are intellectual inferior to A) the European races, and B)some may even have a C) freshness and vitality that can renew the energies D) of more advanced races.
    
    
18. The A) more than 50,000 nuclear weapons in the hands of various nations today are more than B)ample destroying C) every city in the world several times over D) .
    
    
19. The universe works in a way so far remove A) from what common sense would B)allow that C) words of any kind must necessarily be inadequate to explain it D) .
    
    
20. The integration of independent states could best be A) brought about by first B)creaing a central organization with authorities C) over technical D) economic tasks.
    

Sections C
Directions:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)
Example:
The lost car of the Lees was found _____ in the woods off the highway.
A)vanishedB)scattered C)abandonedD)rejected
The sentence should read, ¡°The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway.¡± Therefore, you should choose C).

21. The machine needs a complete _____ since it has been in use for over ten years .
    A)amending
    B)fitting
    C)mending
    D)renovating
    
    
22. There were many people present and he appeared only for a few seconds, so I only caught a _____ of him .
    A)glance
    B)glimpse
    C)look
    D)sight
    
    
23. I don't think it's wise of you to _____ your greater knowledge in front of the director, for it may offend him .
    A)show up
    B)show out
    C)show in
    D)show off
    
    
24. The returns in the short _____ may be small,but over a number of years the investment will be well repaid .
    A)interval
    B)range
    C)span
    D)term
    
    
25. A thorough study of biology requires _____ with the properties of trees and plants,and the habit of birds and beasts .
    A)acquisition
    B)discrimination
    C)curiosity
    D)familiarity
    
    
26. She worked hard at her task before she felt sure that the results would _____ her long effort .
    A)justify
    B)testify
    C)rectify
    D)verify
    
    
27. I'm very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to _____ my debt in return for certain services .
    A)take away
    B)cut out
    C)write off
    D)clear up
    
    
28. Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news may create a great _____ .
    A)explosion
    B)sensation
    C)exaggeration
    D)stimulation
    
    
29. According to what you have just said,am I to understand that his new post _____ no responsibility with it at all? .
    A)shoulders
    B)possesses
    C)carries
    D)shares
    
    
30. Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his _____ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied .
    A)comment
    B)reaction
    C)impression
    D)comprehension
    
    
31. Please _____ yourself from smoking and spitting in public places,since the law fotbids them .
    A)restrain
    B)hinder
    C)restrict
    D)prohibit
    
    
32. Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of _____ every business operation in the whole country .
    A)practically
    B)preferably
    C)precisely
    D)presumably
    
    
33. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, _____ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress .
    A)in proportion to
    B)in reply to
    C)in relation to
    D)in contrast to
    
    
34. He is planning another tour abroad,yet his passport will _____ at the end of this month .
    A)expire
    B)exceed
    C)terminate
    D)cease
    
    
35. All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read _____ letters from their families .
    A)sentimental
    B)affectionate
    C)intimate
    D)sensitive
    
    
36. Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to _____ ,or at least weaken,the trends that emerged in the 1980s .
    A)revolt
    B)revolve
    C)reverse
    D)revive
    
    
37. I was unaware of the critical points involved,so my choice was quite _____ .
    A)arbitrary
    B)rational
    C)mechanical
    D)unpredictable
    
    
38. The local people were joyfully surprised to find the price of vegetables no longer _____ according to the weather .
    A)altered
    B)converted
    C)fluctuated
    D)modified
    
    
39. The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not _____ their prospect of promotion .
    A)spur
    B)further
    C)induce
    D)reinforce
    
    
40. In what _____ to a last minute stay of execution,a council announced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites .
    A)applies
    B)accounts
    C)attaches
    D)amounts
    

Part II Cloze Test
Directions:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A),B),C),D). Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)

         ¡¡¡¡Until recently most histroians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.
        ¡¡¡¡This view, 47 ,is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history and economics, have 49 two things:that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.

41.A)admitted    B)believed    C)claimed    D)predicted
42.A)plain       B)average     C)mean       D)normal
43.A)momentary   B)prompt      C)instant    D)immediate
44.A)bulk        B)host        C)gross      D)magnitude
45.A)On          B)With        C)For        D)By
46.A)broadly     B)thoroughly  C)generally  D)completely
47.A)however     B)meanwhile   C)therefore  D)moreover
48.A)at          B)in          C)about      D)for
49.A)manifested  B)approved    C)shown      D)speculated
50.A)noted       B)impressed   C)labeled    D)marked

Part III Reading Comprehension
Directions:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A),B),C) and D). Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets. (40 points)

Passage 1
        ¡¡¡¡Few creations of big technology capture the imagination like giant dams. Perhaps it is humankind's long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascination. But to be fascinated is also, sometimes, to be blind. Several giant dam projects threaten to do more harm than good.
        ¡¡¡¡The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. It doesn't help that building a big, powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nations and people striving to assert themselves. Egypt's leadership in the Arab world was cemented by the Aswan High Dam. Turkey's bid for First World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam.
        ¡¡¡¡But big dams tend not to work as intended. The Aswan Dam, for example stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left - all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
        ¡¡¡¡And yet, the myth of controlling the waters persists. This week, in the heart of civilized Europe, Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in the troops in their contention over a dam on the Danube. The huge complex will probably have all the usual problems of big dams. But Slovakia is bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needs a dam to prove itself.
        ¡¡¡¡Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go ahead to the even more wrong headed Narmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors say the dam will cause hardship for the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefits are for the powerful, but they are far from guaranteed.
        ¡¡¡¡Proper, scientific study of the impacts of dams and of the cost and benefits of controlling water can help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectric power and flood control and irrigation are possible without building monster dams. But when you are dealing with myths, it is hard to be either proper, or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons of Aswan. You don't need a dam to be saved.

51. The third sentence of paragraph 1 implies that _____ .
    A)people would be happy if they shut their eyes to reality
    B)the blind could be happier than the sighted
    C) overª²excited people tend to neglect vital things.
    D)fascination makes people lose their eyesight
    
    
52. In paragraph 5, ¡°the powerless¡± probably refers to _____ .
    A)areas short of electricity
    B)dams without power stations
    C)poor counrtries around India
    D)common people in the Narmada Dam area
    
    
53. What is the myth concerning giant dams?
    A)They bring in more fertile soil.
    B)They help defend the country.
    C)They strengthen international ties.
    D)They have univeral control of the waters.
    
    
54. What the author tries to suggest may best be interpreted as _____ .
    A)¡°It's no use crying over spilt milk¡±
    B)¡°More haste, less speed¡±
    C) ¡°Look before you leap¡±
    D)¡°He who laughs last laughs best¡±
    

Passage 2
        Well, no gain without pain, they say. But what about pain without gain? Everywhere you go in America, you hear tales of corporate revival. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.
        ¡¡¡¡The official statistics are mildly discouraging. They show that, if you lump manufacturing and services together, productivity has grown on average by 1.2% since 1987. That is somewhat faster than the average during the previous decade. And since 1991, productivity has increased by about 2% a year, which is more than twice the 1978 87 average. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a ¡°disjunction¡± between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.
        Some of this can be easily explanied. New ways of organizing the workplace all that re engineering and downsizing - are only one contribution to the overalll productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training. Moreover, most of the changes that companies make are intended to keep them profitable, and this need not always mean increasing productivity:switching to new markets or improving quality can matter just as much.
        ¡¡¡¡Two other explanations are more speculative. First, some of the business restructuring of recent years may have been ineptly done. Second, even if it was well done, it may have spread much less widely than people suppose.
        ¡¡¡¡Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bong Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much ¡°re engineering¡± has been crude. In many cases, he believes, the loss of revenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficent thought to long term profitability. BBDO's Al Rosenshine is blunter. He dismisses a lot of the work of re engineering consultants as mere rubbish - ¡°the worst sort of ambulance cashing.¡±

55. According to the author, the American economic situation is _____ .
    A)not as good as it seems
    B)at its turning point
    C)much better than it seems
    D)near to complete recovery
    
    
56. The official statistics on productivity growth _____ .
    A)exclude the usual rebound in a business cycle
    B)fall short of businessmen's anticipation
    C)meet the expectation of business people
    D)fail to reflect the true state of economy
    
    
57. The author raises the question ¡°what about pain without gain?¡± because _____ .
    A)he questions the truth of ¡°no gain without pain¡±
    B)he does not think the productivity revolution works
    C)he wonders if the official statistics are misleading
    D)he has conclusive evidence for the revival of businesses
    
    
58. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?
    A)Radical reforms are essential for the increase of productivity.
    B)New ways of organizing workplaces may help to increase productivity.
    C)The reduction of costs is not a sure way to gain long term profitability.
    D)The consultants are a bunch of good for nothigns.
    

Passage 3
        ¡¡¡¡Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo's 17th century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake's harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between sceience and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.
        ¡¡¡¡Until recently, the seientific community was so powerful that it could affort to ignore its critics - but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked ¡°antiscience¡± in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R.Gross, a biologist at the University of Verginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demonª²Haunted World, by Car Sagan of Cornell University.
        ¡¡¡¡Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as ¡°The Flight from Science and Reason,¡± held in New York City in 1995, and ¡°Science in the Age of (Mis)information,¡±which assembled last June near Buffalo.
        ¡¡¡¡Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned science's objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.
        ¡¡¡¡A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
        ¡¡¡¡Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, those manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.
        ¡¡¡¡The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
        ¡¡¡¡Indeed, some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. ¡°The term 'antiscience' can lump together too many, quite different things,¡± notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti Science. ¡°They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened. ¡±

59. The word ¡°schism¡±(Line 4, Paragraph 1) in the context probably means _____ .
    A)confrontation
    B)dissatisfaction
    C)separation
    D)contempt
    
    
60. Paragraphs 2 and 3 are written to _____ .
    A)discuss the cause of the decline of science's power
    B)show the author's symphathy with scientists
    C)explain the way in which science develops
    D)exemplify the division of science and the humanities
    
    
61. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
    A)Environmentalists were blamed for antiscience in an essay.
    B)Politicans are not subject to the labeling of antiscience.
    C)The ¡°more enlightened¡± tend to tag others as antiscience
    D)Tagging environmentalists as ¡°antiscience¡± is justifiable
    
    
62. The author's attitude toward the issue of ¡°science vs. antiscience¡± is _____ .
    A)impartial
    B)subjective
    C)biased
    D)puzzling
    

Passage 4
        ¡¡¡¡Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.
        This development - and its strong implications for US politics and economy in years ahead - has enthroned the South as America's most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation's head counting.
        ¡¡¡¡Altogether, the US population rose in the 1970s by 23.2 million people - numerically the third largest growth ever recorded in a single decade. Even so, that gain adds up to only 11.4 percent, lowest in American annual records except for the Depression years.
         Americans have been migrating south and west in larger number since World War II, and the pattern still prevails.
        ¡¡¡¡Three sun belt states - Florida, Texas and California - together had nearly 10 million more people in 1980 than a decade earlier. Among large cities, San Diego moved from 14th to 8th and San Antonio from 15th to 10th - with Cleveland and Washington.DC,dropping out of the top 10.
        ¡¡¡¡Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow belt, census officials say, Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too - and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday's ¡°baby boom¡± generation reached its child bearing years.
        ¡¡¡¡Moreover, demographers see the continuing shift south and west as joined by a related but newer phenomenon: More and more, Americans apparently are looking not just for places with more jobs but with fewer people, too. Some instances-
         ¡ñ Regionally, the Rocky Mountain states reported the most rapid growth rate - 37.1 percent since 1970 in a vast area with only 5 percent of the US population.
         ¡ñAmong states, Nevada and Arizona grew fastest of all: 63.5 and 53.1 percent respectively. Except fro Florida and Texas, the top 10 in rate of growth is composed of Western states with 7.5 million people - about 9 per square mile.
        ¡¡¡¡The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to morebearable climates.
        ¡¡¡¡Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. There, California added 3.7 million to its population in the 1970s, more than any other state.
        ¡¡¡¡In that decade, however, large numbers also migrated from California, mostly to other parts of the West. Often they chose - and still are choosing - somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Idaho and Alaska in order to escape smog, crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.
        ¡¡¡¡As a result, California's growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percent - little more than two thirds the 1960s growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.

Discerned from the perplexing picture of population growth the 1980 census provided, America in 1970s _____ .
A)enjoyed the lowest net growth of population in history
B)witnessed a southwestern shift of population
C)underwent an unparalleled period of population growth
D)brought to a standstill its pattern of migration since World dWar II



1. The census distinguished itself from previous studies on population movement in that _____ .
   A)it stresses the climatic influence on population distribution
   B)it highlights the contribution of continuous waves of immigrants
   C)it reveals the Americans' new persuit of spacious living
   D)it elaborates the delayed effects of yesterday's ¡°baby boom¡±
   
   
2. We can see from the available statistics that _____ .
   A)California was once the most thinly populated area in the whole US
   B)the top 10 states in growth rate of population were all located in the West
   C)cities with better climates benefited unanimously from migration
   D)Arizona ranked second of all states in its growth rate of population
   
   
3. The word ¡°demographers¡± (Line 1, Paragraph 8) most probably means _____ .
   A)people infavor of the trend of democracy
   B)advocates of migration between states
   C)scientists engaged in the studey of population
   D)conservatives clinging to old patterns of life
   

Passage 5
        ¡¡¡¡Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. Most of the hot spots move only slowly, and in some cases the movement of the plates past them has left trails of dead volcanoes. The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage of the plates.
        ¡¡¡¡That the plates are moving is not beyond dispute. Africa and South America, for example, are moving away from eath other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail, but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth's interior. It is not possible to determine whether both continents are moving in opposite direcitons or whether one continent is stationary and the other is drifting away from it. Hot spots,anchored in the deeper layers of the earth, provide the measuring instruments needed to resolve the quesiton. From an analysis of the hot spot popultion it appears that the African plate is stationary and that it has not moved during the past 30 million years.
        ¡¡¡¡The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference. It now appears that they also have an important influence on the geophysical processes that propel the plates across the globe. When a continental plate come to rest over a hot spot, the material rising from deeper layer creates a broad dome. As the dome grows, it develops seed fissures(cracks); in at least a few cases the continent may break entirely along some of these fissures, so that the hot spot initiates the formation of a new ocean. Thus just as earlier theories have explanied the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability(inconstance).

67. The author believes that _____ .
    A)the motion of the plates corresponds to that of the earth's interior
    B)the geological theory about drifting plates has been proved to be true
    C)the hot spots and the plates move slowly in opposite directions
    D)the movement of hot spots proves the continents are moving apart
    
    
68. That Africa and South America were once joined can be deduced from the fact that _____ .
    A)the two continents are still moving in opposite direcitons
    B)they have been found to share certain geological features
    C)the African plates has been stable for 30 million years
    D)over 100 hot spots are scattered all around the globe
    
    
69. The hot spot theory may prove useful in explaining _____ .
    A)the structure of the African plates
    B)the revival of dead volcanoes
    C)the mobility of the continents
    D)the formation of new oceans
    
    
70. The passage is mainly about _____ .
    A)the features of volcanic activities
    B)the importance of the theory about drifting plates
    C)the significance of hot spots in geophysical studies
    D)the process of the formation of volcanoes
    

Part IV English Chinese Translation
Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II. (15 points).

        ¡¡¡¡They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever decteded: a strip of enourmous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light years from earth. 71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universe was born. What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected; the US National Aeronautics and Space Administratin's Cosmic Background Explorer satellite -Cobe-had disvocered landmark evidence that the universe did in fact begin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang(the theory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass of energy).
         ¡¡¡¡72) The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. According the the theory, the universe burst into being as a submicroscopic, unimaginable dense knot of pure energy that flew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years, the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies, stars, plants and eventully, even humans.
        ¡¡¡¡Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objects like clusters and superclusters of galaxies. They shouldn't have long to wait. 73) Astrophysicists working with ground based detectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.
         ¡¡¡¡74) If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on, the unverse expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion trillion trillionfold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity. 75) Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been conviced for the better part of a decade that it is true.

71._____________________________________________________________.
72._____________________________________________________________.
73._____________________________________________________________.
74._____________________________________________________________.
75._____________________________________________________________.

Part V Writing (15 points)
Directions:
A.Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150words.
B.Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II.
C.Your essay should meet the requirements below:
1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.
2. Give your comments

Part I Structure and Vocabulary
Section A(1-10)
BDBCADCDAA

Section B(11-20)
BDCBCBACAC

Section C(21-40)
CBDDDACBCBAADABCACBD

Part II Cloze Test(41-50)
ABDADDABCD

Part III Reading Comprehension(51-70)
CDDCABBACDAABCDCBBDC

Part IV English Chinese Translation

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Part V Writing
µÚһƪ

    ¡¡¡¡Recently, more and more people have seen varieties of promises either from TV, newspaper or from other media. As is shown in the cartoon, even a hen has leanred how to promise. We all know that hen's duty is to lay eggs which should undoutbly consist of most elementary part. But the hen promises what she should do!(ͼ»­µãÌ⣬¼ÐÐð¼ÐÒé)
    ¡¡¡¡With the development of the society and the improvement of people's living standard, more and more attention should be paid to the improvement of quality of service. Therefore, many enterprises and departments promise to better their services so as to meet the people's need better. They are also pleased to invite people to supervise what they have done and will do. But much to our surprise, some of them just say something that they should do. These promises are only laughted at by people. (½âÊÍÅäÊ«£¬ÓÖÓÐÒéÂÛ)
    ¡¡¡¡In my opinion, doing more is better than proming more. Because people are willing to be served really. All we should lay more emphasis on what we do and how we can virtually improve the level of service. Only in this way can we make people satisfied with what we do. (·¢±í×Ô¼ºµÄ¹Ûµã)

    ÆÀÓÄÚÈÝÇÐÌ⣬°üÀ¨Í¼»­µÄÈ«²¿ÐÅÏ¢£»Çå³þ±í´ïÆäÄÚº­£¬ÎÄ×ÖÁ¬¹á£»¾äʽÓб仯£¬¾ä×ӽṹºÍÓôÊÕýÈ·£¬ÎÄÕ³¤¶È·ûºÏÒªÇó¡£±¾×÷ÎĵÃ13·Ö

µÚ¶þƪ

Such A Promise
    ¡¡¡¡There is a cartoon with the topic of ¡°Such A Promise¡± says ¡°Promises are often make in many business, that we welcome your supervisement and will not refuse it.¡±
    ¡¡¡¡But it's all what they should do and it's not at all necessary to sing this ¡°song of civilization.¡±(ÕâÁ½¶Îд³öÁË¡°message conveyed by the cartoon¡±)
    ¡¡¡¡Yes, it's ture, There are so many people thinking that it's not their obligation to do what they should do. They like to sing that ¡°song of civilization¡± and pretend they were good to finish their job. But in fact, it's normal. People should finish their jobs heart and soul. Nice men do thier job without any vacant promise. They just do their best. Only such people can improve the development of the country. They are common. But they are needed, they are useful.
    ¡¡¡¡Those who only can say something and always make vacant comments are not practical. They just say and not do. They are unfit for the modernization. They are harmful to our country. And there are so many such people. So we should have a thorough refermation just as we are doing now. We should improve our people's virgin and teach them to do more things than to say. (ÕâÁ½¶ÎΪÆÀÂÛ)

    ÆÀÂÛ£ºÄÚÈÝÇÐÌ⣬°üÀ¨Í¼»­µÄÈ«²¿ÐÅÏ¢£»±È½ÏÇå³þµØ±í´ïÆäÄÚº­£¬ÎÄ×Ö»ù±¾Á¬¹á£»¾äʽÓÐÒ»¶¨±ä»¯£¬¾ä×ӽṹºÍÓôÊÎÞÖØ´ó´íÎó£¬ÎÄÕ³¤¶È·ûºÏÒªÇó¡£±¾×÷ÎĵÃ10·Ö¡£

µÚÈýƪ

    ¡¡¡¡The carton shows us the messages conveyed. Today, we see messages conveyed in our life, this like the cartoon picture, the hen's promise, the hen's egg who are ensured the egg should be all the age things.
    ¡¡¡¡From the cartoon, we see this recovered some problem. Some promise raised in our social. Firstly, some produties and some companies in order to gain profits, they nelected the peoples's hope and ieads. A serval proty says produce a large of by profitable. Secondly, some unit long for advance in some unite and factory, they seledom songs highly songs, which keep thier majority conditions, this generally made wrong measure to deal with our goverment, our people. Thirdly, this observes let's unpleasured and worried. This cheat factors bring up troulbes in people's life, the people don't know the massages conveyed is true or not. The messages conveyed is conveyed, or isn't conveyed.
    ¡¡¡¡In my opinion that this observes large dangerous our life, the messages conveyed isn't conveyed, and the messages conveyed bring not conveyed. My comments that we improve and critics this observes, Our goverment and our solical must highly deal with this promblem, Our people must save this wrong action, let messages conveyed truely bring our life, let our solical have actually improved this problem, In order to our future.(10·Ö£¬±¾ÌâÔÚÓڽṹºÃ£¬Ê¹ÔľíÀÏʦ¡°Ò»²»ÁôÉñ¡±¾Í¸øÁ˸߷֡£)

µÚËÄƪ

    ¡¡¡¡From this cartoon, I laugh at the hen keep promises that she ought to do it. Hence, I think that many compnaies keep their promises like this now. Hens should lay eggs like this instead of keeping this promises.
    ¡¡¡¡As Chinese economy is advancing, the commodity become rich. At the same time a lot of products that are not qualified one sold in market places. Although those products do great harm to people, the cases are encouraged by some admistrations because renevues can be gained from this. People complain this deeply.
    ¡¡¡¡As a result, many companies assure people that their products and services are qulified. Consumers are all puzzled by those cases. Why do so many companies keep their promises that they should do?
    It is true that companies may show their advertisement, but they should not have done less than what they have promised. Companies should do their works honestly.(8·Ö)

µÚÎåƪ

PROMISE
    ¡¡¡¡From the cartoon, we can see a hen promises that her eggs are in good qualities. At first sight, you may busrt into laughing, but do you realize what's meaning it hints? (cartoon)
    ¡¡¡¡At present, promise is popular thoughout all the working areas. From radio, television or all kinds of newspaper, we can easily see one advertisement with good promise, such as the quality of goods, the ensurement of reparing, the exchangement, etc. Some sound reasonable, but some are not necessary.
    ¡¡¡¡Some quality are a part of goods, so if it's no use of promising such things. And sometime it may gives rise to bad influence on goods. People may not think the goods are good enough. Make sure good promising is available!(8·Ö)

µÚÁùƪ

Such Promise
    ¡¡¡¡At present, it is popular that all kinds of business and produce both make promise. All businessmen and producers make promise: it is happy for consumers' instructment. But, when the promise is produced by these businessmen and producer's, consumers will find the promise is ¡°false¡±. Because the promise is these bussinessmen and producers duty which shall be. As a hen produce eggs, the hen promised it produce a egg must be a real egg. Such promise! Is it humor?
    ¡¡¡¡All kinds of business and producers promise is popular. Because there are many bussiness and producers, consumers have rights for selection. These producers make ¡°false¡± promise for getting many consumers and expanding their sales. In my opinion, such promise isn't necessary. All producers should try their best to enhance their produce quality is vital. Only this, they can make their produce sale more and get more consumers. In modern market economy, these producers will be strong and will defeat other producers. (6·Ö)

µÚÆßƪ

    ¡¡¡¡Nowday, many departments, example shop, band, impose to people the something what they ought to do. Shops impose that they do not sell false and bad goods. But they ought ot sell true and good goods. Why they impose what they ought to do. I think, first many departments do something that they ought to do.
    ¡¡¡¡Example, some shops sell bad and false goods, so few of shop impose that they do not sell bad and false goods in order to earn more money. Other shop impose to people too. Second, these departments impose to people in order to frashion.(5·Ö)

µÚ°Ëƪ

Promise
    ¡¡¡¡From the cartoon, we see that a hen has a promise about her eggs, we conclud the the promise is out of it ture implication and promise is of no use.
    ¡¡¡¡Give the cartoon, I thought that a promise shout have its reponsibility for the costomber. Like the cartoon discribe, some one or some companies roast their product and it function no less than what there producty is. Therefore it leads to the consumer's fail, so we should plane some politics to prevent this pernomene. First, reinforce the country offercials work. Second, every company should reponside for what you have said and do it correctly. The last, every coustomber should rise his ability to distinguish the promise.
    With all describe, we can conclude that every company should sponsible for his promise and we also should do some to prvend him. (4·Ö)

µÚ¾Åƪ

    ¡¡¡¡You can see the picture. after the hen lay eggs, what it show is humor. What it says is her own ability.
    ¡¡¡¡Our country have many people like the hen what he do is his own things, but he pretend to advise(AD) The people should be critis and we should forbit it and force he to do good thing.(3·Ö)

µÚʮƪ

    ¡¡¡¡From the cartoon, we can see that the cook show his promise. But the promise is that she should do.
    ¡¡¡¡A chicken broning egges is his responsibility. But (3·Ö)

µÚʮһƪ

    ¡¡¡¡With the development of society, and as the markets mechandise is ¡¡¡¡carried on, many companies and enterprises have greatly involved the fights of advertisement. They spended lots of money on advertising. This is a good way to make the firms fames.
    ¡¡¡¡But many enterprises advertisement fake the consume, make many people puzzle of thier products. This damage the advantages of many consumers.
    ¡¡¡¡So I think we should punish the enterprises just that the cartoon reads.
    ¡¡¡¡Their says were competely unreasonable and without any essense of their products' word. (2·Ö)

µÚÊ®¶þƪ

Quality of Products
    ¡¡¡¡Now our society is undergoing a reform from plannned economy to marketª²oriented economy. It bring us many benefits, including the raising of the material livings and entertainments. However, with the development of market economy, some people who do not observe the law take advantage of the opportunity to make money.
    ¡¡¡¡To some manufacturers, regardless of the quality of products, they only care for making money. They make all sorts of promises, but virtually mean nothing. They do not avoid being invested. Like the drawing in the cartoon, the hen promises that the eggs she lays are bound to contain the three things all the eggs have. But whether the eggs can be eaten, it is another thing. Perhaps, they do not contain nurtrions at all. Thus we see that her promises is not relianble.
    As to the quality of products, people have a great concern to it. ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Inferior products make us suffer not only economally but also psychologily. When we spend some money but get nothing, we are sure to be angry. I hope that there are more laws about the quality of products to protect the consumer. As long as all of us take action, the quality of products will be improved greatly.(1·Ö)

µÚÊ®Èýƪ

Quality of products
    ¡¡¡¡in order to improve the quality of products made in this country, quality control will have to be effectively inforced. Many people have complained about products that don't work, sometimes shortly after they are bought, bikes that break down, radios that do not work, and even pens that refuse to write after a few words.
    ¡¡¡¡Unless the quality of products is improved, people in our country will tend to buy foerign made products, we notice that many people prefer Japanese electronic products (radio, television, ect.) to those made here. It is said that the foreign made products are sure to be better than those homemade.
    ¡¡¡¡Once quality control comes into force, domestic products can gradually best down the foreign products. As a result, buyers will turn back to homeª²made products. the sales of Chinese products within the contary and even outsidethe century will increase.(0·Ö)

µÚÊ®ËÄƪ

    ¡¡¡¡From the carton above, we can see an odd thing. The eggs - having been known as round. But his producer has to announce and grarante his reality. It reflects that between producers and consumers they distrust each other.
    ¡¡¡¡We live in a material world. Making money has become the most important thing. Because many symbolizes one's success and ability and can bring many benefits. So some products make fake production in sake of earning more money. when consumers buy thesefake production and are harmed, they don't believe producers no longer. They begin to seek productions safe and high quantity. Therefore, product, have to guarantee to consumers.
    ¡¡¡¡In fact, in a long run, these cheating do harm to not only consumers, but also cheaters. In international competitions, quantity is the most important. High quantity bring good fame, and can bring good profits and can modify the competition. Above all, it can quarantee your comparison more and more large.
    ¡¡¡¡Distrust can cantagions, so can trust. Honest is one of the most important virtues. We should keep honest and make the consumption equality. The government should take actions to regulate market. Laws should be make to warn fake producers. And our market will be more stable and prosperity. (0·Ö)

µÚÊ®Îåƪ

Fake and inferior goods
    ¡¡¡¡Fake and inferior goods can be seen everywhere. Almost every kind of goods not only in small shops, but in big department stores or markets, from daily necessies to industrical material, from soft drinking to clotheses. It would be fatal for the government to underestimate the destructive power of it.
    ¡¡¡¡Fake and inferior good do lots harm for us. First, it damages not only the consumers interest, but their health and even their lives. Second most of fake and inferior good will damage the famous brands. Third more and more fake and inferior goods makes the consumers hesitate before choosing goods.
    ¡¡¡¡Faced with fake and inferior goods we must take measure. First of all, helping to consumer improve their recognize. Second helping the consumer to distinguish fake and inferior good. So we can controlled and elimited fake and inferior goods. (0·Ö)