Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25
minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are
required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a
word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before
making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please
mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than
once.
Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.
A department store’s inputs include the land upon which the building is
located, the labor of the employees, (47) ______ in the form of building,
equipment and merchandise, and the management skills of the store managers. On a
farm, the operation system is the transformation that occurs when a farmer’s
(48) ______ (land, equipment, labor, etc.) are converted into such outputs as
corn, wheat or milk. The exact form of the conversion process (49) ______ from
industry to industry, but it is an (50) ______phenomenon that exists in every
industry. Economists refer to this (51) ______ of resources into goods and
services as the production function. For all operation systems, the general goal
is to create some kind of value-added outputs that are worth more to consumers
than just the sum of the inputs. To the consumers, the resulting products (52)
______ utility due to the form, the time, or the place of their availability
from the conversion process.
However, the process is subject to random changes. Unplanned or
uncontrollable influences may cause the actual output to differ from planned
output. Random fluctuations can arise from external disruption (fire, floods or
lightning, for example) or from (53) ______ problems inherent in the conversion
process. Inherent variability of equipment, material imperfections, and human
errors all affect output quality (54)______. In fact, random variations are the
rule rather than the exception in production processes; therefore, (55) _____
variation becomes a major management task.
The function of the feedback is to provide (56) ______ linkages. Without
some feedback of information, management personnel cannot control operations
because they don' t know the results of their directions.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。
A) offer B) capital C) medium D)difficult E) varies F)
differently
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed
by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark
the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history
books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who
really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not
know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the
length of the year, or manured（施肥）a field; but we know all about the killers and
destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the
highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a
conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the
greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of
other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are,
but they are not the most civilized.
Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be
good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be
civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling
them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and
generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels.
Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way
of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the
greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has
killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been
in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is
right.
That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own
age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people
were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and
kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the
stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life ---
nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like
savages.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。
57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.
A) most history books were written by conquerors, generals and
soldiers.
B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in
history books.
C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped
civilization forward.
D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history
books.
58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that ruled over a large number
of other countries are ________.
A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilized
B) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.
C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.
D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.
59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that
might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph 2) is that ________.
A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser
wrong.
B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.
C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.
D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.
60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that
________.
A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.
B) our age is not much better than those of the past.
C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.
D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.
61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled
________.
A) War and World Peace
B) Creators of Civilization
C) Civilization and History
D) Who Should Be Remembered
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history
than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows
essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and
moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social
problem.
In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people or
ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of
law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one's actions could
bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond
carelessness to total negligence.
Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of all automobile
accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver.
Emotional upsets can distort drivers' reactions, slow their judgment, and blind
them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is
vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one's emotions under
control.
Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not
confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they
are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe
that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.
Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past
few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of
manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed
limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has
decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or
no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution,
say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring
constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a
threat to those with whom they share the road.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。
62. The word “massacre” in line 3 paragraph one means _____
A) mass-killing.
B) disaster.
C) tragedy.
D) accident.
63. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?
A) To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.
B) To promote understanding between careless drivers and street
walkers.
C) To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.
D) To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.
64. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social
problem because _____.
A) autos have become most destructive to mankind
B) people usually pay little attention to law and morality
C) civilization brings much harm to people
D) the lack of virtue is becoming more severe
65. Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver
in Paragraph Three?
A) To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.
B) To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.
C) To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.
D) To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving.
66. Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?
A) Careless bicycle-riders.
B) Mindless people walking in the street.
C) Irresponsible drivers.
D) Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.
Part V Cloze(15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank
there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper.
You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the
centre.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。
Today the world's economy is going through two great changes, both bigger
than an Asian financial crisis here or a European monetary union there. The
first change is that a lot of industrial_67_is moving from the United States,
Western Europe and Japan to _68 _countries in Latin America, South-East Asia and
Eastern Europe. In 1950, the United States alone _69_ for more than half of the
world's economy output. In 1990, its _70_ was down to a quarter. By 1990, 40% of
IBM's employees were non-Americans; Whirlpool, America's leading _71_ of
domestic appliances, cut its American labor force _72_ 10%. Quite soon now, many
big westerncompanies will have more _73_ (and customers) in poor countries than
in rich _74_ . The second great change is _75_, in the rich countries of the
OECD, the balance of economic activity is _76_ from manufacturing to _77_. In
the United States and Britain, the _78_ ofworkers in manufacturing has _79_
since 1900 from around 40% to barely half that _80_ inGermany and Japan, which
rebuilt so many _81_ after 1945, manufacturing's share of jobs is now below 30%.
The effect of the _82 is increased _83_ manufacturing moves from rich countries
to the developing ones, _84_ cheap labor _85_ them a sharp advantage in many of
the _86_ tasks required by mass production.
67. A. product B. production C. products D. productivity
68.
A. other B. small C. capitalistic D. developing
69. A. accounted
B. occupied C. played D. shared
70. A. output B. development
C. share D. economy
71. A. state B. consumer C.
representative D. supplier
72. A. by B. at C. through D.
in
73. A. products B. market C. employees D. changes
74.
A. one B. ones C. times D. time
75. A. what B. like C. that
D. how
76. A. ranging B. varying C. swinging D.
getting
77. A. producing B. products C. servicing D.
services
78. A. proportion B. number C. quantity D.
group
79. A. changed B. gone C. applied D. shrunk
80. A.
Furthermore B. Even C. Therefore D. Hence
81. A. armies B.
weapons C. factories D. countries
82. A. question B.
manufacturing C. shift D. rebuilding
83. A. with B. as C.
given D. if
84. A. while B. whose C. who's D.
which
85. A. give B. is giving C. gives D. gave
86. A.
repetitive B. various C. creative D. enormous
Part Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentence on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into
English the Chinese given in brackets.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。
87. （任何国家无论在什么情况下都不可以） have the right to use nuclear weapons.
88. It’s essential that (他把一切准备好) before the examination .
89. The population of America is not large (与中国相比).
90. The beggar accepted the one-dollar note (甚至连一声谢谢都没说).
精彩生活 
