Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by
some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the
center.
Passage one:
Nuclear power’s danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be
summed up in one word: radiation.
Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, party because it cannot
be detected by human senses. It can’t be seen or heard, or touched or tasted,
even tough it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For
example, radio waves are all around us but we can’t detect them, sense them,
without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can’t sense radioactivity without a
radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not
harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being
outright(全部地)by killing masses of cells in vital organs. But even the lowest
level of radiation can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is
completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage
may not be significant. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if
they are killed outright, your body will replace the dead cells with healthy
ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves,
you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in a deformed way. They can
grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation.
Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that
damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated and feel fine, then die of
cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak
or liable to serious illness as result of radiation absorbed by its
grandparents.
Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.
11. According to the author, the danger of nuclear power lies in
_______.
A. nuclear mystery
B. radiation detection
C. nuclear radiation
D. radiation level
12. What can we infer from the passage?
A. We can’t detect radioactivity even with modern equipment.
B. Only radiation at very high levels can kill an animal or human
being.
C. If a few cells are only damaged healthy cells will take the place of
dead ones
D. Radiation is harmful no matter what level it is.
13. The word “significant” in paragraph 3 has the similar meaning
with________.
A. fatal
B. meaningful
C. harmful
D. remarkable
14. Radiation can hurt us in that it can_______.
A. affect the healthy growth of our offspring.
B. damage cells which grow into cancer years later.
C. kill large number of cells in main organs so as to cause death
immediately.
D. all of the above
15. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A. Emphasizing the importance of protection of radiation.
B. Solving the mystery about radiation.
C. Discussing the cause of cancer.
D. Introducing the nuclear power.
Passage two:
A few years ago a young mother watched her husband diaper(给……换尿布) their
firstborn son. “You done not have to be unhappy about it,” she protested. “You
can talk to him and smile a little.” The father, who happened to be a
psychologist, answered firmly, “He has nothing to say to me, and I have nothing
to say to him.”
Psychologist now know how wrong that father was. From the moment of birth,
a baby has a great deal to say to his parent and they to him. But a decade or so
ago, these experts wear describing the newborn as a primitive creature who
reacted only by reflex, a helpless victim of its environment without capacity to
influence it. And mothers accepted the truth. Most thought (and some still do)
that a new infant could see only blurry(模糊的) shadows, that his other senses were
undeveloped, and that all he required was nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm
bassinet.
Today university laboratories across the country are studying newborns in
their first month of life. As a result, psychologists now describe the new baby
as perceptive , with remarkable learning abilities and an even more remarkable
capacity to shape his or her environment including the attitudes and actions of
his parents. Some researchers believe that the neonatal period may even be the
most significant four weeks in an entire lifetime.
Far from being helpless, the newborn knows what he likes and rejects what
he doesn’t. He shut out unpleasant sensations by closing his eyes or averting
his face. He is a glutton for novelty. He prefers animate things over inanimate
and likes people more than anything.
When a more nine minutes out, an infant prefers a human face to a
head-shaped outline. He makes the choice despite the fact that, with delivery
room attendants masked and gowned, he has never seen a human face before. By the
time he’s twelve hours old, his entire body moves in precise synchrony (同时发生) to
the sound of a human voice, as if he were dancing. A non-human sound, such as a
tapping noise, brings no such response.
16.The author points out that the father diapering his first-born son was
wrong because________.
A. he believed the baby was not able to hear him
B. he thought the baby didn’t have the power of speech
C. he was a psychologist unworthy of his profession
D. he thought the baby was not capable of any response
17. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. A new infant can see only blurry shadows.
B. A new infant’s senses are undeveloped
C. All a new infant requires is nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm
bassinet.
D. A new infant is actually able to influence his or her environment
18. What does the sentence “He is a glutton for novelty” probably mean?
A. The newborn is greedy for new food
B. The newborn tends to overeat
C. The newborn always loves things that are new to him
D. The newborn’s appetite is a constant topic in novels
19.According to the passage, it’s groundless to think that newborns
prefer________.
A. a human face to a head-shaped outline
B. animate things to inanimate ones
C. human voice to non-human sounds
D. nourishment to a warm bassinet
20. What is the passage mainly discussing about?
A. What people know about newborns
B. How wrong parents are when they handle their babies
C. How much newborns have progressed in about a decade’s time
D. Why the first month of life is the most significant four weeks in a
lifetime
Passage three:
The interview is an important event in the job-hunting process, because the
20 or 30 minutes you spend with the interviewer may determine whether or not you
get the particular job you want. Therefore ,it is important to remember that
your objective during the interview may differ from the objective of the
potential employer. You want to make yourself stand out as a whole person who
has personal strengths, is well qualified, and should be considered the right
person for the job. It is encouraging to know that the interview’s task is not
to embarrass you or to trip you up, but to hire the right person for the
job.
Remember, job hunting is very competitive. Anything you can do to enhance
your interview techniques will be to your advantage. The following suggestions
may help you land the most important job.
Your goal in this interview is to make sure your good points get across.
The interviewer won’t know them unless you point them out, so try to do this in
a factual and sincere manner.
Do not make slighting references to former employers or professors. If you
have been fired from a job and the interviewer asks about it, be frank in your
answer.
Show the interviewer that you are interested in the company by asking
relevant questions. Ask about responsibilities, working conditions, promotion
opportunities and fringe benefits(附加福利)of the job you are interviewing for.
If at some point you decide the interview is not going well, do not let
your discouragement show. You have nothing to lose by continuing a show of
confidence, and you may have much to gain. It may be real, or it may be a test
to see how you react to adverse conditions.
Some interviewers may bring up salary early in the interview. At this time,
you may indicate that you are more interested in a job where you can prove
yourself than a specific salary. This politely passes the question back to the
interviewer. If possible, you should negotiate for salary after you have been
offered a job and when you are when you are ready to complete the paperwork.
21. To get the job you want, during the interview you should_________
A) avoid the interviewer’s questions that are designed to trip you up.
B) remember that you are the best qualified candidate.
C) make yourself stand out as the right person for the job.
D) keep in mind that it determines whether or not you get the particular
job you want.
22. If you did not get along with your former employer, you_______
A) should tell the interviewer frankly.
B) should not speak ill of him.
C) should refer to him in a factual manner.
D) should never mention it.
23. When you find the interview is not going well you should_________.
A) keep up your confidence .
B) bring it to an end as soon as possible.
C) tell you interviewer how you react to adverse conditions.
D) tell yourself you have much to gain and nothing to lose.
24. The best time to discuss your salary is _________.
A) keep up your confidence .
B) at the end of the interview.
C) after you have completed the paperwork,.
D) when the interviewer brings this matter up.
25. The most important thing to do during an interview is _________.
A) to make your strengths understood.
B) to show your intense interest in the job you are applying for.
C) to be frank and sincere.
D) to be natural and confident.
Passage four:
Psychological tests are tools. Like all tools, their effectiveness depends
on the knowledge, skill, and sincerity of the user. A hammer can be used to
build a beautiful kitchen cabinet of it can be used as a weapon of assault. Like
a hammer, intelligence tests can be used for positive purposes or they can be
abusive. It is important for both the test constructor and the test examiner to
be familiar with the current state of scientific knowledge about intelligence
and intelligence tests.
Even though they have limitations, intelligence tests are among
psychology’s most widely used tools. To be effective, though, intelligence tests
must be viewed realistically. They should not be thought of as a fixed,
unchanging indicator of a person’s intelligence. They should also be used in
conjunction with other information about a person and should not be relied upon
as the sole indicator of whether a child should be placed in a special-education
or gifted class. The child’s developmental history, medical background,
performance in school, social competencies, and family experiences should be
taken into account, too.
The single number provided by many IQ tests can easily lead to stereotypes
and expectations about a person. Many people do not know how to sweeping
generalizations about a person are too often made on the basis of an IQ score.
Imagine, for example, that you are a teacher sitting in the teacher’s lounge the
day after school has started in the a fellow teacher remarks that she had Johnny
in class last year, and goes on to say that he was a dunce. You cannot help but
remember this information, and it may lead you to think that Johnny Jones is not
very bright so it is useless to spend much time teaching him. In this way, IQ
scores are misused and stereotypes are formed.
26. According to the author, intelligence tests_______.
A. cannot be used as the indicator of a person’s intelligence.
B. Can be used for positive purposes and can also be misused.
C. Are widely used because it is the sole indicator of one’s
intelligence.
D. Are not so effective due to their own shortcomings
27. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. The knowledge, skill and the sincerity of the user are the factors
determining the effectiveness of the psychological test
B. Since the intelligence tests have limitations, their results are not
reliable although they are used very often.
C. A person’s intelligence can be measured with precision and accuracy if
he or she takes an intelligence test.
D. Whether a child should be placed in a gifted class can easily be decided
by his performance in the intelligence test.
28. The word “dunce”( Para. 3) stands for______.
A. an average student B. a slow learner
C. a dancing genius D . a lazy boy or girl
29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that_______.
A. low score in intelligence test indicate that one is a slow learner
B. intelligence tests are not scientific and must be prohibited
C. teacher should not treat students unequally according to their
intelligence difference
D. intelligence tests are often misused and often lead to stereotype
30. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
精彩生活 
