Part A
Direct ions :
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (5 points)

1. _______ that many animals seem to be highly sensitive to various signals associated with earthquakes, the basic question remains of how this behavior can be put to use in earthquake prediction.
A. Granted B. provided C. Considering D. Assuming
2. Now there is in America a curious combination of pride _______ to a position where it is
no longer necessary to depend upon manual labor for a living and delight in what one is able to accomplish with his hand.
A. in having risen B. to have risen
B. having risen D. in rising
3. It shows how economic and social and, above all, political changes have played their part, so
that, correctly ______, the postage stamp in which millions of people, young and old, find
pleasure, knowledge and even profit, has always been a faithful mirror of the times.
A. interpreting B. interpreted
C. to be interpreted D. being interpreted
4. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience ______ on benches, chairs or boxes.
A. having seated B. seated
C. seating D. having been seated
5. Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it _______ in Cuba.
A. being cultivated B. having cultivated
C. has been cultivated D. cultivating
6. The researchers are working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made
resistant to bacterial attack through alterations _______ the food’s structure.
A. for B. of C. to D. in
7. Joseph Heller is a great novelist who has thrilled thousands of readers, ______ many American accomplished novelists kneel at his feet and can’t help singing his praises.
A. in that B. so much so that
C. since D. while
8. All the public facilities require continuous spending on new equipment and new development
if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than ________ through taxes alone.
A. raised B. is raised C. to raise D. raising
9. I would have come sooner but I ______ that you were waiting.
A. didn’t know B. haven’t known
C. hadn’t known D. hadn’t known
10. He went to work on foot yesterday, though he _______ by bus.
A. could have gone B. should have gone
C. would go D. must have gone

Part B
Directions :
Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one thai best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 10 points)

11. According to a major U.S. newspaper, president Clinton will _______ a mission to the country to investigate the cause of the sudden disappearance of the two diplomats.
A. assign B. dispatch C. undertake D. execute
12. During the interview, the mayor expressed his heart-felt gratitude through the reporters for the timely assistance and support that people from other cities have kindly _____ to his citizens after the city was struck by several earthquakes.
A. rendered B. secured C. sought D. furnished
13. The purpose of the survey was to _______ the inspectors with local conditions.
A. inform B. instruct C. acquaint D. notify
14. Before you can start a business, you will have to raise the necessary _______ .
A. investment B. savings C. income D. capital
15. If you suspect that the illness might be serious, you should not _______ going to the doctor.
A. pick out B. make out
C. give off D. put off
16. The students failed to meet the necessary _______ for admission to the course.
A. fulfillment B. requirements C. qualities D. competency
17. After the theft of his car he put in an insurance _______ for $3 000.
A. account B. receipt C. assessment D. claim
18. ________ a fire, hotel guests are asked to remain calm.
A. As a result of B. In the event of
C. By reason of D. In the time of
19. When ________, the duck keeps its eyes and ears closed, using its bill to locate food.
A. submitted B. sunk C. soaked D. submerged
20. As we all know, houses are _______ to be at rest with respect to the earth but the earth itself is not motionless.
A. resumed B. assumed C. speculated D. consumed
21. The motion picture is only a series of still photographs which are split and viewed in rapid
______ to create the illusion of movement and continuity.
A. sequence B. succession C. transmission D. conveyance
22. The whole area of national and local governments was subjected to a thorough financial
______, and inefficiency and waste were attacked.
A. search B. survey C. stability D. strain
23. David was _________ by his family because he worked hand in glove with a gang of
qcriminals to rob the commercial bank of jewelry.
A. deserted B. abandoned C. refuted D. repelled
24. His visit to the theater was ________ because a lady sitting right in front of him was wearing a huge hat which blocked his view of the stage.
A. impaired B. spoiled C. distracted D. offended
25. The employer must ________ that the applicants for the post have the proper qualifications.
A. verify B. justify C. warrant D. perceive
26. Betty broke the school rules and regulations repeatedly so the principal finally had no
alternative but to ________ her.
A. exile B. detain C. expel D. eject
27. Professor Johnson planned to go over my paper sentence by sentence with me in his office
this morning, but he hasn’t ______ yet.
A. turned round B. turned up
C. turned on D. turned in
28. We hear that miniskirts are coming back into fashion, but I wonder if they’ll really _____
again.
A. rule out B. come up
C. catch on D. wear out
29. The town maintains very many Chinese traditions which are among the highest achievements
of those who created the _______ we now enjoy.
A. heritage B. genetics C. inheritance D. estate
30. Our firm regrets to inform you that the word processors you ordered last month are _______ .
A. out of practice B. out of reach
C. out of stock D. out of work

Section II Cloze
Directions:
For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A],[B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)

Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully ___31___ only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems inhibited(抑制), ___32___ embarrassed. You have only to ___33___ a commuter train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. ___34___, there is here an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, ___35___ broken, makes the person immediately the object of ___36___.
It is a well-known fact that the English have a ___37___ for the discussion of their weather and that, given half a chance, they will talk about it ___38___. Some people argue that it is because English weather ___39___ forecast and hence is a source of interest and ___40___ to everyone. This may be so. ___41___ Englishmen cannot have much ___42___ in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong ___43___ a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate---or as inaccurate---as the weathermen in his ___44___.
The overseas visitors may be excused for showing surprise at the number of references ___45___ weather that the English make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are ___46___ by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isn’t it?” “Beautiful!” may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you?” ___47___ the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. ___48___ he wants to start a conversation with an Englishman but is ___49___ to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will ___50___ an answer from even the most reserved of Englishmen.

31. A. entertained B. relaxed C. amused D. enlightened
32. A. yet B. otherwise C. even D. though
33. A. experience B. undergo C. travel D. witness
34. A. Obviously B. Contrarily C. Frequently D. Practically
35. A. unless B. if C. while D. as if
36. A. suspicion B. opposition C. attack D. study
37. A. passion B. fancy C. necessity D. judgement
38. A. at length B. to a great extent C. from their heart D. by all means
39. A. follows B. predicts C. defies D. violates
40. A. contribution B. deduction C. contemplation D. speculation
41. A. Still B. Also C. Certainly D. Fundamentally
42. A. faith B. reliance C. honor D. credit
43. A. if B. once C. when D. whereas
44. A. propositions B. predictions C. approval D. defiance
45. A. about B. on C. as to D. to
46. A. replaced B. conducted C. executed D. proposed
47. A. Since B. Although C. however D. Before
48. A. Even if B. Because C. If D. For
49. A. at a loss B. at last C. in fact D. on the occasion
50. A. stimulate B. constitute C. furnish D. provoke

Section III Reading Comprehension

Directions:
Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.

Passage 1

Many critics of the current welfare system argue that existing welfare regulations lead to family instability. They believe that those regulations, which exclude most poor husband-and-wife families from Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) assistance grants, contribute to the problem of family dissolution. Thus, they conclude that expanding the set of families that can eligibly get such grants would result in a marked strengthening of the low-income family structure.
If all poor families could receive welfare, would the incidence of instability change markedly? The answer to this question depends on the relative importance of three types of potential welfare recipients. The first is the “cheater” — the husband who is reported to have abandoned his family, but in fact disappears only when the social worker is in the neighborhood. The second consists of a loving husband and devoted father who, sensing his own inadequacy as a family supporter, leaves so that his wife and children may enjoy the relative benefit provided by public assistance. There is very little evidence that these two types are significant.
The third type is the unhappily married couple, who remain together out of a sense of economic responsibility for their children, because of the high costs of separation, or because of the consumption benefits of marriage. This group is large. The formation, maintenance, and dissolution of the family is in large part a function of the relative balance between the benefits and costs of marriage as seen by the individual members of the marriage. Since the family performs certain functions society regards as vital, a complex network of social and legal process has evolved to reinforce marriage. Much of the variation in marital stability across income classes can be explained by the variation in costs of dissolution imposed by society, such as division of property, and child support.
Marital stability is related to the costs of achieving an acceptable agreement on family consumption and production and to the prevailing social price of instability in the marriage partners’ social-economic group. Expected income exerts pressures on family instability by reducing the cost of dissolution. To the extent that welfare is a form of government-subsidized AFDC payments, it reduces the costs of separation and guarantees a minimal standard of living for wife and children. So welfare opportunities are a significant determinant of family instability in poor neighborhoods, but this is not the result of AFDC regulations that exclude most intact families from coverage. Rather, welfare-related instability occurs because public assistance lowers both the benefits of marriage and the costs of its breach by providing a system of government-subsidized payments.

51. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
[A] Welfare restrictions do not contribute to low-income family instability.
[B] The most significant kind of welfare recipients is not the “cheating” father.
[C] The divorce rate is bound to fall when welfare benefits are cut.
[D] Government welfare payments lead directly to growing divorce rate.
52. The tone of the passage can best be described as ________.
[A] confident and optimistic
[B] scientific and detached
[C] discouraged and alarmed
[D] polite and sensitive
53. With which of the following statements about marriage would the author most likely agree?
[A] Marriage is largely shaped by powerful but impersonal economic and social forces.
[B] Marriage has a greater value to higher income groups.
[C] Society has no interest in encouraging people to remain married to one another.
[D] Marriage will gradually give way to other forms of social organization.
54. The passage would most likely be found in a ________.
[A] basic economics text
[B] book on the history of welfare
[C] religious literature on the importance of marriage
[D] scholarly journal devoted to public policy questions

Passage 2

The most noticeable trend among today’s media companies is vertical integration – an attempt to control several related aspects of the media business at once, each part helping the other. Besides publishing magazines and books, Time Warner, for example, owns Home Box Office (HBO), Warner movie studios, various cable TV systems throughout the United States and CNN as well. The Japanese company Matsushita owns MCA Records and Universal Studios and manufactures broadcast production equipment.
To describe the financial status of today’s media is also to talk about acquisitions. The media are buying and selling each other in unprecedented numbers and forming media groups to position themselves in the marketplace to maintain and increase their profits. In 1986, the first time a broadcast network had been sold, two networks were sold that year – ABC and NBC.
Media acquisitions have skyrocketed since 1980 for two reasons. The first is that most big corporations today are publicly traded companies, which means that their stock is traded on one of the nation’s stock exchanges. This makes acquisitions relatively easy.
A media company that wants to buy a publicly owned company can buy that company’s stock when the stock becomes available. The open availability of stock in these companies means that anybody with enough money can invest in the American media industries, which is exactly how Rupert Murdoch joined the media business.
The second reason for the increase in media alliances is that beginning in 1980, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) gradually deregulated the broadcast media. Before 1980, for example, the FCC allowed one company to own only five TV stations, five AM radio stations, and five FM radio stations; companies also were required to hold onto a station for three years before the station could be sold. The post-1980 FCC eliminated the three-year rule and raised the number of broadcast holdings allowed for one owner. This trend of media acquisitions is continuing throughout the 1990s, as changing technology expands the market for media products.
The issue of media ownership is important. If only a few corporations direct the media industries in this country, the outlets for differing political viewpoints and innovative ideas could be limited.

55. Which of the following is true of the media?
[A] They used to sell and buy each other in great numbers.
[B] They are trading each other in greater numbers today.
[C] They used to be controlled by two networks – ABC and NBC.
[D] They have stopped the trend of acquisitions in the 1990s.
56. According to the passage, what makes acquisitions easier?
[A] The changing technology employed by the media.
[B] The media’s increasing profits in the marketplace.
[C] The ever tougher regulations of the FCC on the media since 1980.
[D] The availability of the media’s stocks on stock exchanges.
57. What is the FCC’s new policy regarding media alliances?
[A] It allows companies to sell their stocks publicly.
[B] It doesn’t allow companies to sell their stocks publicly.
[C] It permits one company to own more media businesses at the same time.
[D] It has eliminated all post-1980 companies.
58. The issue of media ownership is important because _______.
[A] it affects the amount of money the stockholders will make
[B] it decides whether we can have different aspects of the media
[C] it concerns the channels through which to express opinions
[D] it means that more and more people will hold onto only a few stations
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